Wheel-rail rolling contact behavior induced by both rail surface irregularity and sleeper hanging defects on a high-speed railway line

In this study, a wheel-rail transient rolling contact model capable of accounting for the nonlinear displacement-force properties hanging sleepers is proposed. The sleeper status affected by rail irregularities an input analysis behavior and related degradation in terms plastic deformation fatigue. results indicate that severity significantly geometric characteristics relative position with respect to surface irregularity. defects aggravate impact increase force amplitude, patch size, pressure, von Mises stress, thus exacerbating material. It was also found rarely affect distribution adhesion-slip states knowledge gained can serve as guidance evaluating condition conducting maintenance ballasted railway tracks.